See cin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "transgression; share; affection",
"word": "cion"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Gaelic",
"lang_code": "ghc",
"sense": "guilt; due portion; partiality",
"word": "cion"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"sense": "guilt; payment due, fee",
"word": "cin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷinuts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to pay, avenge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-t&d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "t-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine t-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "t",
"2": "cinaid",
"3": "cinad",
"4": "cint",
"5": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-t&d"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cinaid+L",
"acc_du2": "cin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "cinta",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cinaid+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "t-m",
"dat_du": "cintaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cintaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cinaid+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cinad",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cinad+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cinad",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cinaid+L",
"nom_du2": "cin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "cinaid",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cin",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cinaid+L",
"voc_du2": "cin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "cinta",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt"
],
"id": "en-cin-sga-noun-p0bDBSFU",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sin, crime"
],
"id": "en-cin-sga-noun-4pkAudmt",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʲin/"
}
],
"word": "cin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish t-stem nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "transgression; share; affection",
"word": "cion"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Gaelic",
"lang_code": "ghc",
"sense": "guilt; due portion; partiality",
"word": "cion"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"sense": "guilt; payment due, fee",
"word": "cin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷinuts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to pay, avenge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-t&d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "t-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine t-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "t",
"2": "cinaid",
"3": "cinad",
"4": "cint",
"5": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-t&d"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cinaid+L",
"acc_du2": "cin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "cinta",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cinaid+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "t-m",
"dat_du": "cintaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cintaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cinaid+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cinad",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cinad+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cinad",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cinaid+L",
"nom_du2": "cin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "cinaid",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cin",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cinaid+L",
"voc_du2": "cin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "cinta",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sin, crime"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʲin/"
}
],
"word": "cin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cin meaning in Old Irish (5.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cin"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.